Lab article · ~14 min read

API Security: OAuth 2.1 & mTLS

OAuth 2.1 flows, OpenID Connect, mutual TLS, JWT validation, the FAPI 2.0 profile, sender-constrained tokens, and the layered defence that secures regulated financial APIs.

OAuth 2.1 OIDC FAPI 2.0 JWT mTLS
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Lab article · ~14 min read

API Security: Open Banking & Consent Management

CIBA, dynamic client registration, consent revocation, and the operational mechanics of TPP onboarding — the patterns that survive the SAMA audit and the peak transaction window.

CIBA FAPI 2.0 DCR SAMA Open Banking Consent Lifecycle
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Lab article · ~14 min read

Service Mesh mTLS at Scale

Istio & Linkerd patterns for east-west mTLS, SPIFFE workload identity, certificate rotation, AuthorizationPolicy enforcement, and the zero-trust model that satisfies a SAMA audit without breaking payment latency SLAs.

Istio Linkerd SPIFFE Zero Trust cert-manager
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Lab article · ~14 min read

FAPI 2.0 & Open Banking Security: PAR, DPoP, and mTLS-Bound Tokens

FAPI 2.0 Baseline and Message Signing profiles, Pushed Authorisation Requests, DPoP proof verification, mTLS-bound access tokens, Keycloak 24 realm config, Kong and APIC enforcement, and the SAMA Open Banking security requirements that make each mandatory.

FAPI 2.0 PAR DPoP Keycloak Open Banking
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Lab article · ~14 min read

API WAF and the OWASP API Top 10: Kong, ModSecurity & SAMA Compliance

OWASP API Top 10 mitigation table, Kong OAS Validation and bot-detection plugin YAML, ModSecurity CRS 4.0 tuning for ISO 20022 payloads, and the SAMA cybersecurity framework controls that map to each vulnerability class.

OWASP API Top 10 Kong Gateway ModSecurity WAF SAMA Compliance
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Lab article · ~14 min read

API Security: Vault PKI & cert-manager — Zero-Touch Certificate Lifecycle

Eliminating manual certificate spreadsheets from a regulated bank’s API estate: Vault PKI engine, cert-manager ClusterIssuers, zero-restart TLS rotation, RFC 8705 cert-bound OAuth tokens, and SAMA CSF alignment.

HashiCorp Vault cert-manager PKI mTLS SAMA CSF
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